Hiep’s family was fined VND30 million ($1,278) for encroaching on 101.5 square meters of non-agricultural land in an urban area and VND35 million ($1,491) for building the houses without any construction permit. Local officials right after that asked Thao to stop the illegal construction and complete procedures to get the permits as per prevailing regulations. However, Thao and her family ignored the warning and continued the illegal construction. Local officials right after that asked Thao to stop the illegal construction and complete procedures to get the permits as per prevailing regulations. However, Thao and her family ignored the warning and continued the illegal construction.